NATIONAL SPACE BIOMEDICAL
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
NSBRI encourages and expects its funded investigators to publish findings of their research in scholarly, peer-reviewed journals. Below is a comprehensive list of publications for the Musculoskeletal Alterations Team since the Institute's inception in 1997. Adams GR. Insulin-like growth factor I signaling in skeletal muscle and the potential for cytokine interactions. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Jan;42(1):50-7. PMID: 20010130 Adams GR, Caiozzo VJ, Baldwin KM. Skeletal muscle unweighting: spaceflight and ground-based models. J Appl Physiol. 2003 Dec;95(6):2185-201. PMID: 14600160 Adams GR, Caiozzo VJ, Haddad F, Baldwin KM. Cellular and molecular responses to increased skeletal muscle loading after irradiation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2002 Oct;283(4):C1182-95. PMID: 12225982 Adams GR, Cheng DC, Haddad F, Baldwin KM. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to isometric, lengthening and shortening training bouts of equivalent duration. J Appl Physiol. 2004 May;96(5):1613-8. PMID: 15075307 Adams GR, Haddad F, Baldwin KM. Time course of changes in markers of myogenesis in overloaded rat skeletal muscles. J Appl Physiol. 1999 Nov;87(5):1705-12. PMID: 10562612 Adams GR, Haddad F, Bodell PW, Tran PD, Baldwin KM. Combined isometric, concentric and eccentric resistance exercise prevents unloading induced muscle atrophy in rats. J Appl Physiol. 2007 Nov;103(5):1644-54. PMID: 17872405 Akkus O, Adar F, Schaffler MB. Age related changes in physicochemical properties of mineral crystals are related to impaired function of cortical bone. Bone. 2004 Mar;34(3):443-53. PMID: 15003792 Allen DL, Bandstra ER, Harrison BC, Thorng S, Stodieck LS, Kostenuik PJ, Morony S, Lacey DL, Hammond TG, Leinwand LL, Argraves WS, Bateman TA, Barth JL. Effects of spaceflight on murine skeletal muscle gene expression. J Appl Physiol. 2009 Feb;106(2):582-95. PMID: 19074574 Allen MR, Bloomfield SA. Hindlimb unloading has a greater effect on cortical compared to cancellous bone in mature female rats. J Appl Physiol. 2003 Feb;94(2):642-50. PMID: 12391029 Allen MR, Hogan HA, Bloomfield SA. Differential bone and muscle recovery following hindlimb unloading in skeletally mature male rats. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2006 Jul-Sep;6(3):217-25. PMID: 17142941 Androjna C, McCabe NP, Cavanagh PR, Midura RJ. Effects of Spaceflight and Skeletal Unloading on Bone Fracture Healing. Clin Rev Bone Min Metab. 10:61-70, 2012 Arbogast S, Smith J, Matuszczak Y, Hardin B, Moylan J, Smith JD, Ware J, Kennedy AR, Reid MB. Bowman-Birk Inhibitor Concentrate prevents atrophy, weakness, and oxidative stress in soleus muscle of hindlimb-unloaded mice. J Appl Physiol. 2007 Mar;102(3):956-64. PMID: 17110517 Baek K, Barlow AA, Allen MR, Bloomfield SA. Food restriction and simulated microgravity: Effects on bone and serum leptin. J Appl Physiol. 2008 Apr;104(4):1086-93. PMID: 18276897 Baek K, Bloomfield SA. Beta-adrenergic blockade and leptin replacement effectively mitigate disuse bone loss. J Bone Miner Res. 2009 May;24(5):792-9. PMID: 19113907 Baldwin KM, Haddad F. Effects of different activity and inactivity paradigms on myosin heavy chain expression in striated muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2001 Jan;90(1):345-57. PMID: 11133928 Baldwin KM, Haddad F. Skeletal muscle plasticity: cellular and molecular responses to altered physical activity paradigms. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 Nov;81(11 Suppl):S40-51. PMID: 12409810 Bandstra ER, Pecaut MJ, Anderson ER, Willey JS, De Carlo F, Stock SR, Gridley DS, Nelson GA, Levine HG, Bateman TA. Long-term dose response of trabecular bone in mice to proton radiation. Radiat Res. 2008 Jun;169(6):607-14. PMID: 18494551 Bandstra ER, Thompson RW, Nelson GA, Willey JS, Judex S, Cairns MA, Benton ER, Vazquez ME, Carson JA, Bateman TA. Musculoskeletal changes in mice from 20-50 cGy of simulated galactic cosmic rays. Radiat Res. 2009 Jul;172(1):21-9. PMID: 19580504 Barral JM, Epstein HF. Protein machines and self-assembly in muscle organization. Bioessays. 1999 Oct;21(10):813-23. PMID: 10497331 Bateman, TA. Molecular therapies for disuse osteoporosis. Gravit Space Biol. 17(2):83-89, 2004. Full article Beck TJ, Looker AC, Ruff CB, Sievanen H, Wahner HW. Structural trends in the aging femoral neck and proximal shaft: analysis of NHANES III DXA data. J Bone Min Res. 2000 Dec;15(12):2297-304. PMID: 11127194 Beers DR, Ho BK, Siklós L, Alexianu ME, Mosier DR, Mohamed AH, Otsuka Y, Kozovska ME, McAlhany RE, Smith RG, Appel SH. Parvalbumin overexpression alters immune-mediated increases in intracellular calcium, and delays disease onset in a transgenic model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurochem. 2001 Nov;79(3):499-509. PMID: 11701753 Belaguli NS, Sepulveda JL, Nigam V, Charron F, Nemer M, Schwartz RJ. Cardiac tissue enriched factors serum response factor and GATA-4 are mutual coregulators. Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;20(20):7550-8. PMID: 11003651 Bey L, Akunuri N, Zhao P, Hoffman EP, Hamilton DG, Hamilton MT. Patterns of global gene expression in rat skeletal muscle during unloading and low-intensity ambulatory activity. Physiol Genomics. 2003 Apr 16;13(2):157-67. PMID: 12582208 Bey L, Hamilton MT. Suppression of skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase activity during physical inactivity: a molecular reason to maintain daily low-intensity activity. J Physiol. 2003 Sep 1;551(Pt 2):673-82. PMID: 12815182 Bikle DD. Integrins, insulin like growth factors, and the skeletal response to load. Osteoporos Int. 2008 Sep;19(9):1237-46. PMID: 18373051 Bloomfield, SA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms for the bone response to mechanical loading. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2001 Dec;11 Suppl:S128-36. PMID: 11915911 Bloomfield SA. Disuse osteopenia. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2010 Jun;8(2):91-7. PMID: 20425616 Bloomfield SA. Does altered blood flow to bone in microgravity impact on mechanotransduction? J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2006 Oct-Dec;6(4):324-6. PMID: 17185808 Bloomfield, SA, Allen MR, Hogan HA, Delp MD. Site- and compartment-specific changes in bone with hindlimb unloading in mature adult rats. Bone. 2002 Jul;31(1):149-57. PMID: 12110428 Bloomfield, SA, Hogan HA, Delp MD. Decreases in bone blood flow and bone material properties in aging Fischer-344 rats. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2002 Mar;(396):248-57. PMID: 11859250 Caiozzo, VJ, Rose-Gottron C, Baldwin KM, Cooper D, Adams G, Hicks J, Kreitenberg A. Hemodynamic and metabolic responses to hypergravity on a human-powered centrifuge. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2004 Feb;75(2):101-8. PMID: 14960043 Cardoso L, Herman BC, Verborgt O, Laudier D, Majeska RJ, Schaffler MB. Osteocyte apoptosis controls activation of intracortical resorption in response to bone fatigue. J Bone Miner Res. 2009 Apr;24(4):597-605. PMID: 19049324 Carleton SM, Whitford GM, Phillips CL. Dietary fluoride restriction does not improve femoral biomechanical strength in col1a2 deficient (oim) mice with the type I collagen glomerulopathy. J Nutr. 2010 Oct;140(10):1752-6. PMID: 20724489 Chambers MA, Moylan JS, Reid MB. Physical inactivity and weakness in the critically ill. Crit Care Med. 2009 Oct;37(10 Suppl):S337-46. PMID: 20046119 Chase PB, MacPherson JM, Daniel TL. A spatially explicit nanomechanical model of the half-sarcomere: Myofilament compliance affects Ca2+-activation. Ann Biomed Eng. 2004 Nov;32(11):1559-68. PMID: 15636115 Clancy JS, Takeshima H, Hamilton SL, Reid MB. Contractile function is unaltered in diaphragm from mice lacking the calcium release channel isoform 3. Am J Physio. 1999 Oct;277(4 Pt 2):R1205-9. PMID: 10516263 Colleran PN, Wilkerson MK, Bloomfield SA, Suva LJ, Turner RT, Delp MD. Alterations in skeletal perfusion with simulated microgravity: a possible mechanism for bone remodeling. J Appl Physiol. 2000 Sep;89(3):1046-54. PMID: 10956349 Criswell DS, Booth FW, DeMayo F, Schwartz RJ, Gordon SE, Fiorotto ML. Overexpression of IGF-I in skeletal muscle of transgenic mice does not prevent unloading-induced atrophy. Am J Physiol. 1998 Sep;275(3 Pt 1):E373-9. PMID: 9725801 Dacquin R, Davey RA, Laplace C, Levasseur R, Morris HA, Goldring SR, Gebre-Medhin S, Galson DL, Zajac JD, Karsenty G. Amylin inhibits bone resorption while the calcitonin receptor controls bone formation in vivo. J Cell Biol. 2004 Feb 16;164(4):509-14. PMID: 14970190 Dentel JN, Blanchard SG, Ankrapp DP, McCabe LR, Wiseman RW. Inhibition of cross-bridge formation has no effect on contraction-associated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in mouse skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2005 Apr;288(4):C824-30. PMID: 15574487 DeRuisseau KC, Shanely RA, Akunuri N, Hamilton MT, Van Gammeren D, Zergeroglu AM, McKenzie M, Powers SK.. Diaphragm unloading via controlled mechanical ventilation alters the gene expression profile. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Nov 15;172(10):1267-75. PMID: 16126937 Ding KH, Zhong Q, Isales CM. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates thymidine incorporation in endothelial cells: role of endothelin-1. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Aug;285(2):E390-6. PMID: 12721154 Ding KH, Zhong Q, Isales CM. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide: differential effects on hepatic artery vs. portal vein endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2004 May;286(5):E773-9. PMID: 14709420 Draghia-Akli R, Fiorotto ML, Hill LA, Malone PB, Deaver DR, Schwartz RJ. Myogenic expression of an injectable protease resistant growth hormone-releasing hormone augments long-term pig growth. Nature Biotechnol. 1999 Dec;17(12):1179-83. PMID: 10585714 Durham WJ, Li YP, Gerken E, Farid M, Arbogast S, Wolfe RR, Reid MB. Fatiguing exercise reduces DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB in skeletal muscle nuclei. J Appl Physiol. 2004 Nov;97(5):1740-5. PMID: 15208298 Elefteriou F, Ahn JD, Takeda S, Starbuck M, Yang X, Liu X, Kondo H, Richards WG, Bannon TW, Noda M, Clement K, Vaisse C, Karsenty G. Leptin regulation of bone resorption by the sympathetic nervous system and CART. Nature. 2005 Mar 24;434(7032):514-20. PMID: 15724149 Elefteriou F, Takeda S, Ebihara K, Magre J, Patano N, Kim CA, Ogawa Y, Liu X, Ware SM, Craigen WJ, Robert JJ, Vinson C, Nakao K, Capeau J, Karsenty G. Serum leptin level is a regulator of bone mass. Proc Nat. Acad Sci USA. 2004 Mar 2;101(9):3258-63. PMID: 14978271 Elefteriou F, Takeda S, Liu X, Armstrong D, Karsenty G. Monosodium glutamate-sensitive hypothalamic neurons contribute to the control of bone mass. Endocrinology. 2003 Sep;144(9):3842-7. PMID: 12933656 Emerton KB, Hu B, Woo AA, Sinofsky A, Hernandez C, Majeska RJ, Jepsen KJ, Schaffler MB. Osteocyte apoptosis and control of bone resorption following ovariectomy in mice. Bone. 2010 Mar;46(3):577-583. PMID: 19925896 English KL, Paddon-Jones D. Protecting muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Jan;13(1):34-9. PMID: 19898232 Farid M, Reid MB, Li YP, Gerken E, Durham WJ. Effects of dietary curcumin or N-acetylcysteine on NF-kappaB activity and contractile performance in ambulatory and unloaded murine soleus. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2005 Aug 26;2:20. PMID: 16124875 Ferreira LF, Campbell KS, Reid MB. Effectiveness of sulfur-containing antioxidants in delaying skeletal muscle fatigue. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Oct 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 20980926 Ferreira LF, Reid MB. Muscle-derived ROS and thiol regulation in muscle fatigue. J Appl Physiol. 2008 Mar;104(3):853-60. Full article Finni T, Hodgson JA, Lai AM, Edgerton VR, Sinha S. Mapping of movement in the isometrically contracting human soleus muscle reveals details of its structural and functional complexity. J Appl Physiol. 2003 Nov;95(5):2128-33. PMID: 12857769 Finni T, Hodgson JA, Lai AM, Edgerton VR, Sinha S. Muscle synergism during isometric plantarflexion in Achilles tendon rupture patients and in normal subjects revealed by velocity-encoded cine phase-contrast MRI. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2006 Jan;21(1):67-74. PMID: 16194588 Finni T, Hodgson JA, Lai AM, Edgerton VR, Sinha S. Nonuniform strain of human soleus aponeurosis-tendon complex during submaximal voluntary contractions in vivo. J Appl Physiol. 2003 Aug;95(2):829-37. PMID: 12716873 Fritton JC, Emerton KB, Sun H, Kawashima Y, Mejia W, Wu Y, Rosen CJ, Panus D, Bouxsein M, Majeska RJ, Schaffler MB, Yakar S. Growth hormone protects against ovariectomy-induced bone loss in states of low circulating IGF-1. J Bone Miner Res. 2010 Feb;25(2):235-46. PMID: 19619004 Garma T, Kobayashi C, Haddad F, Adams GR, Bodell PW, Baldwin KM. Similar acute molecular responses to equivalent volumes of isometric, lengthening or shortening mode resistance exercise. J Appl Physiol. 2007 Jan;102(1):135-43. PMID: 17008438 Genc KO, Humphreys BT, Cavanagh PR. Enhanced daily load stimulus to bone in spaceflight and on Earth. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2009 Nov;80(11):919-26. PMID: 19911514 Giger JM, Haddad F, Qin AX, Baldwin KM. In vivo regulation of the beta-myosin heavy chain gene in soleus muscle of suspended and weight-bearing rats. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2000 Jun;278(6):C1153-61. PMID: 10837343 Gomes MD, Lecker SH, Jagoe RT, Navon A, Goldberg AL. Atrogin-1, a muscle-specific F-box protein highly expressed during muscle atrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Dec 4;98(25):14440-5. PMID: 11717410 Gooch CL, Mosier DR. Stimulated single fiber electromyography in the mouse: techniques and normative data. Muscle Nerve. 2001 Jul;24(7):941-5. PMID: 11410922 Gridley DS, Obenaus A, Bateman TA, Pecaut MJ. Long-term changes in rat hematopoietic and other physiological systems after high-energy iron ion irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 2008 Jul;84(7):549-59. PMID: 18661371 Grill MA, Bales MA, Fought AN, Rosburg KC, Munger SJ, Antin PB. Tetracycline-inducible system for regulation of skeletal muscle-specific gene expression in transgenic mice. Transgenic Res. 2003 Feb;12(1):33-43. PMID: 12650523 Haddad F, Adams GR. Aging-sensitive cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy. J Appl Physiol. 2006 Apr;100(4):1188-203. PMID: 16373446 Haddad F, Adams GR, Bodell PW, Baldwin KM. Isometric resistance exercise fails to counteract skeletal muscle atrophy processes during the initial stages of unloading. J Appl Physiol. 2006 Feb;100(2):433-41. PMID: 16239603 Haddad F, Baldwin KM, Tesch PA. Pretranslational markers of contractile protein expression in human skeletal muscle: Effect of limb unloading plus resistance exercise. J Appl Physiol. 2005 Jan;98(1):46-52. PMID: 15298986 Haddad F, Roy RR, Zhong H, Edgerton VR, Baldwin KM. Atrophy responses to muscle inactivity. I. Cellular markers of protein deficits. J Appl Physiol. 2003 Aug;95(2):781-90. PMID: 12716870 Haddad F, Roy RR, Zhong H, Edgerton VR, Baldwin KM. Atrophy responses to muscle inactivity. II. Molecular markers of protein deficits. J Appl Physiol. 2003 Aug;95(2):791-802. PMID: 12716877 Hamilton MT, Hamilton DG, Zderic TW. Exercise physiology versus inactivity physiology: an essential concept for understanding lipoprotein lipase regulation. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2004 Oct;32(4):161-6. PMID: 15604935 Hamilton SA, Pecaut MJ, Gridley DS, Travis ND, Bandstra ER, Willey JS, Nelson GA, Bateman TA. A murine model for bone loss from therapeutic and space-relevant sources of radiation. J Appl Physiol. 2006 Sep;101(3):789-93. PMID: 16741258 Hamrick MW, Shi X, Zhang W, Pennington C, Thakore H, Haque M, Kang B, Isales CM, Fulzele S, Wenger KH. Loss of myostatin (GDF8) function increases osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells but the osteogenic effect is ablated with unloading. Bone. 2007 Jun;40(6):1544-53. PMID: 17383950 Hancock CR, Brault JJ, Wiseman RW, Terjung RL, Meyer RA. 31P-NMR observation of free ADP during fatiguing, repetitive contractions of murine skeletal muscle lacking AK1. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2005 Jun;288(6):C1298-304. PMID: 15689408 Heinemeier KM, Olesen JL, Haddad F, Schjerling P, Baldwin KM, Kjaer M. Effect of unloading followed by reloading on expression of collagen and related growth factors in rat tendon and muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2009 Jan;106(1):178-86. PMID: 18988763 Heinemeier KM, Olesen JL, Schjerling P, Haddad F, Langberg H, Baldwin KM, Kjaer M. Short-term strength training and the expression of myostatin and IGF-I isoforms in rat muscle and -tendon: Differential effects of specific contraction types. J Appl Physiol. 2007 Feb;102(2):573-81. PMID: 17038487 Hirschfield W, Moody MR, O'Brien WE, Gregg AR, Bryan RM Jr, Reid MB. Nitric oxide release and contractile properties of skeletal muscles from mice deficient in type III NOS. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2000 Jan;278(1):R95-R100. PMID: 10644626 Hodgson JA, Finni T, Lai AM, Edgerton VR, Sinha S. Influence of structure on the tissue dynamics of the human soleus muscle observed in MRI studies during isometric contractions. J Morphol. 2006 May;267(5):584-601. PMID: 16453292 Hunter RB, Kandarian SC. Disruption of either the Nfkb1 or the Bcl3 gene inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy. J Clin Invest. 2004 Nov;114(10):1504-11. PMID: 15546001 Ingalls CP, Warren GL, Armstrong RB. Intracellular Ca2+ transients in mouse soleus muscle after hindlimb unloading and reloading. J Appl Physiol. 1999 Jul;87(1):386-90. PMID: 10409599 Isales CM, Zaidi M, Blair HC. ACTH is a novel regulator of bone mass. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Apr;1192:110-6. PMID: 20392225 Jackman RW, Kandarian SC. The molecular basis of skeletal muscle atrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2004 Oct;287(4):C834-43. PMID: 15355854 Jagoe RT, Lecker SH, Gomes M, Goldberg AL. Patterns of gene expression in atrophying skeletal muscles: response to food deprivation. FASEB J. 2002 Nov;16(13):1697-712. PMID: 12409312 Jin S, Shimizu M, Balasubramanyam A, Epstein HF. Myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) induces actin cytoskeletal reorganization and apoptotic-like blebbing in lens cells. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 2000 Feb;45(2):133-48. PMID: 10658209 Jubrias SA, Vollestad NK, Gronka RK, Kushmerick MJ. Contraction-coupling efficiency of human first dorsal interosseous muscle. J Physiol. 2008 Apr 1;586(7):1993-2002. PMID: 18238810 Judex S, Donahue LR, Rubin C. Genetic predisposition to osteoporosis is paralleled by an enhanced sensitivity to signals anabolic to the skeleton. FASEB J. 2002 Aug;16(10):1280-2. PMID: 12153999 Judex S, Garman R, Squire M, Busa B, Donahue LR, Rubin C. Genetically linked site-specificity of disuse osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Apr;19(4):607-13. PMID: 15005848 Judex S, Garman R, Squire M, Donahue LR, Rubin C. Genetically based influences on the site-specific regulation of trabecular and cortical bone morphology. J Bone Miner Res 2004 Apr;19(4):600-6. PMID: 15005847 Judex S, Gupta S, Rubin C. Regulation of mechanical signals in bone. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2009 May;12(2):94-104. PMID: 19419452 Judex S, Zhong N, Squire ME, Ye K, Donahue LR, Hadjiargyrou M, Rubin CT. Mechanical modulation of molecular signals which regulate anabolic and catabolic activity in bone tissue. J Cell Biochem. 2005 Apr 1;94(5):982-94. PMID: 15597385 Kandarian SC, Stevenson EJ. Molecular events in skeletal muscle during disuse atrophy. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2002 Jul;30(3):111-6. PMID: 12150569 Kataoka A, Hemmer C, Chase PB. Computational simulation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutations in troponin I: Influence of increased myofilament calcium sensitivity on isometric force, ATPase and [Ca(2+)](i). J Biomech. 2007;40(9):2044-52. PMID: 17140583 Kataoka A, Tanner BCW, Macpherson JM, Xu X, Wang Q, Regnier M, Daniel TL, Chase PB. Spatially explicit, nano-mechanical models of the muscle half-sarcomere: Implications for biomechanical tuning in atrophy and fatigue. Acta Astronaut. 2007 Jan;60(2):111-8. Full article Kawashima Y, Fritton JC, Yakar S, Epstein S, Schaffler MB, Jepsen KJ, LeRoith D. Type 2 diabetic mice demonstrate slender long bones with increased fragility secondary to increased osteoclastogenesis. Bone. 2009 Apr;44(4):648-55. PMID: 19150422 Kinugasa R, Hodgson JA, Edgerton VR, Shin DD, Sinha S. Reduction in tendon elasticity from unloading is unrelated to its hypertrophy. J Appl Physiol. 2010 Sep;109(3):870-7. PMID 20616227 Kisselev AF, Callard A, Goldberg AL. Importance of the different proteolytic sites of the proteasome and the efficacy of inhibitors varies with the protein substrate. J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 31;281(13):8582-90. PMID: 16455650 Koncarevic A, Jackman RW, Kandarian SC. The ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd4 targets Notch1 in skeletal muscle and distinguishes the subset of atrophies caused by reduced muscle tension. FASEB J. 2007 Feb;21(2):427-37. PMID: 17172638 Kondrashov V, Rothenberg SJ, Chettle D, Zerwekh J. Evaluation of potentially significant increase of lead in the blood during long-term bed rest and space flight. Physiol Meas. 2005 Feb;26(1):1-12. PMID 15742874 Kushmerick MJ, KE Conley. Energetics of muscle contraction: the whole is less than the sum. Biochem Soc Tran. 2002 Apr;30(2):227-31. PMID: 12023856 LaFramboise WA, Jayaraman RC, Bombach KL, Ankrapp DP, Krill-Burger JM, Sciulli CM, Petrosko P, Wiseman RW. Acute molecular response of mouse hindlimb muscles to chronic stimulation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2009 Sep;297(3):C556-70. PMID: 19625612 Lambeth MJ, Kushmerick MJ. A computational model for glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle. Ann Biomed Eng. 2002 Jun;30(6):808-27. PMID: 12220081 Lawler JM, Song W, Demaree SR. Hindlimb unloading increases oxidative stress and disrupts antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003 Jul 1;35(1):9-16. PMID: 12826251 Lecker SH, Jagoe RT, Gilbert A, Gomes M, Baracos V, Bailey J, Price SR, Mitch WE, Goldberg AL. Multiple types of skeletal muscle atrophy involve a common program of changes in gene expression. FASEB J. 2004 Jan;18(1):39-51. PMID: 14718385 Lecker SH, Solomon V, Price SR, Kwon YT, Mitch WE, Goldberg AL. Ubiquitin conjugation by the N-end rule pathway and mRNAs for its components increase in muscles of diabetic rats. J Clin Invest. 1999 Nov;104(10):1411-20. PMID: 10562303 Lee CY, Liu X, Smith CL, Zhang X, Hsu HC, Wang DY, Luo ZP. The combined regulation of estrogen and cyclic tension on fibroblast biosynthesis derived from anterior cruciate ligament. Matrix Biol. 2004 Aug;23(5):323-9. PMID: 15464364 Lee CY, Smith CL, Zhang X, Hsu HC, Wang DY, Luo ZP. Tensile forces attenuate estrogen-stimulated collagen synthesis in the ACL. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 May 14;317(4):1221-5. PMID: 15094400 Lee HD, Finni T, Hodgson JA, Lai AM, Edgerton VR, Sinha S. Soleus aponeurosis strain distribution following chronic unloading in humans-an in vivo MR phase-contrast study. J Appl Physiol. 2006 Jun;100(6):2004-11. PMID: 16424072 Levasseur R, Barrios R, Elefteriou F, Glass DA 2nd, Lieberman MW, Karsenty G. Reversible skeletal abnormalities in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice. Endocrinology. 2003 Jul;144(7):2761-4. PMID: 12810527 Li CY, Jepsen KJ, Majeska RJ, Zhang J, Ni R, Gelb BD, Schaffler MB. Mice lacking cathepsin K maintain bone remodeling but develop bone fragility despite high bone mass. J Bone Miner. 2006 Jun;21(6):865-75. PMID: 16753017 Yang Li C, Majeska RJ, Laudier DM, Mann R, Schaffler MB. High-dose risedronate treatment partially preserves cancellous bone mass and microarchitecture during long-term disuse. Bone. 2005 Sep;37(3):287-95. PMID: 16006205 Li CY, Price C, Delisser K, Nasser P, Laudier D, Clement M, Jepsen KJ, Schaffler MB. Long-term disuse osteoporosis seems less sensitive to bisphosphonate treatment than other osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 2005 Jan;20(1):117-24. PMID: 15619677 Li X, Eastman EM, Schwartz RJ, Draghia-Akli R. Synthetic muscle promoters: activities exceeding naturally occurring regulatory sequences. Nature Biotechnol. 1999 Mar;17(3):241-5. PMID: 10096290 Li YP, Atkins CM, Sweatt JD, Reid MB. Mitochondria mediate tumor necrosis factor-alpha/NF-kappaB signaling in skeletal muscle myotubes. Antiox Redox Signal. 1999 Spring;1(1):97-104. PMID: 11225736 Li YP, Chen Y, John J, Moylan J, Jin B, Mann DL, Reid MB. TNF-alpha acts via p38 MAPK to stimulate expression of the ubiquitin ligase atrogin1/MAFbx in skeletal muscle. FASEB J. 2005 Mar;19(3):362-70. PMID: 15746179 Li YP, Chen Y, Li AS, Reid MB. Hydrogen peroxide stimulates ubiquitin-conjugating activity and expression of genes for specific E2 and E3 proteins in skeletal muscle myotubes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2003 Oct;285(4):C806-12. PMID: 12773310 Li YP, Lecker SH, Chen Y, Waddell ID, Goldberg AL, Reid MB. TNF-alpha increases ubiquitin-conjugating activity in skeletal muscle by up-regulating UbcH2/E220k. FASEB J. 2003 Jun;17(9):1048-57. PMID: 12773487 Liu F, Ortiz I, Hutagalung A, Bauer CC, Cook RG, Epstein HF. Differential assembly of alpha- and gamma-filagenins into thick filaments of distinct lengths is developmentally regulated in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Cell Sci. 2000 Nov;113 ( Pt 22):4001-12. PMID: 11058087 Lloyd SA, Bandstra ER, Travis ND, Nelson GA, Bourland JD, Pecaut MJ, Gridley DS, Willey JS, Bateman TA. Spaceflight-relevant types of ionizing radiation and cortical bone: Potential LET effect? Adv Space Res. 2008 Dec 15;42(12):1889-97. PMID: 19122806 Lloyd SA, Travis ND, Lu T, Bateman TA. Development of a low dose antiresorptive drug regimen reveals synergistic suppression of bone formation when coupled with disuse. J Appl Physiol. 2008 Mar;104(3):729-38. PMID: 18174391 Lloyd SA, Yuan YY, Kostenuik PJ, Ominsky MS, Lau AG, Morony S, Stolina M, Asuncion FJ, Bateman TA. Soluble RANKL induces high bone turnover and decreases bone volume, density, and strength in mice. Calcif Tissue Int. 2008 May;82(5):361-72. PMID: 18465074 Lloyd SA, Yuan YY, Simske SJ, Riffle SE, Ferguson VL, Bateman TA. Administration of high-dose macrophage colony-stimulating factor increases bone turnover and trabecular volume fraction. J Bone Miner Meta. 2009;27(5):546-54. PMID: 19326045 Long RK, Halloran BP, Bikle DD. Integrin regulation of the IGF-I receptor in bone, and the response to load. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab. 2007 Dec;5(4):222-33. Article abstract Lotinun S, Evans GL, Turner RT, Oursler MJ. Deletion of membrane-bound steel factor results in osteopenia in mice. J Bone Miner Res. 2005 Apr;20(4):644-52. PMID: 15765184 Lotinun S, Sibonga JD, Turner RT. Triazolopyrimidine (trapidil), a platelet-derived growth factor antagonist, inhibits parathyroid bone disease in an animal model for chronic hyperparathyroidism. Endocrinology. 2003 May;144(5):2000-7. PMID: 12697708 Lotinun S, Westerlind KC, Kennedy AM, Turner RT. Comparative effects of long-term continuous release of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone and 17 beta-estradiol on bone, uterus, and serum cholesterol in ovariectomized adult rats. Bone. 2003 Jul;33(1):124-31. PMID: 12919707 Lublinsky S, Ozcivici E, Judex S. An automated algorithm to detect the trabecular-cortical bone interface in micro-computed tomographic images. Calcif Tissue Int. 2007 Oct;81(4):285-93. PMID: 17828460 Matuszczak Y, Arbogast S, Reid MB. Allopurinol mitigates muscle contractile dysfunction caused by hindlimb unloading in mice. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2004 Jul;75(7):581-8. PMID: 15267079 Matuszczak Y, Farid M, Jones J, Lansdowne S, Smith MA, Taylor AA, Reid MB. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on glutathione oxidation and fatigue during handgrip exercise. Muscle Nerve. 2005 Nov;32(5):633-8. PMID: 16025522 McCall GE, Allen DL, Haddad F, Baldwin KM. Transcriptional regulation of IGF-I expression in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2003 Oct;285(4):C831-9. PMID: 12773315 McCurdy MR, Colleran PN, Muller-Delp J, Delp MD. Effects of fiber composition and hindlimb unloading on the vasodilator properties of skeletal muscle arterioles. J Appl Physiol. 2000 Jul;89(1):398-405. PMID: 10904077 McNamara LM, Prendergast PJ, Schaffler MB. Bone tissue material properties are altered during osteoporosis. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2005 Oct-Dec;5(4):342-3. PMID: 16340130 Midura RJ, Su X, Androjna C. A simulated weightlessness state diminishes cortical bone healing responses. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2006 Oct-Dec;6(4):327-8. PMID: 17185809 Mohamed HA, Mosier DR, Zou LL, Siklós L, Alexianu ME, Engelhardt JI, Beers DR, Le WD, Appel SH. Immunoglobulin Fc gamma receptor promotes immunoglobulin uptake, immunoglobulin-mediated calcium increase, and neurotransmitter release in motor neurons. J Neurosci Res. 2002 Jul 1;69(1):110-6. PMID: 12111822 Porter Moore C, Zhang JZ, Hamilton SL. A role for cysteine 3635 of RyR1 in redox modulation and calmodulin binding. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 24;274(52):36831-4. PMID: 10601232 Mosier DR, Siklós L, Appel SH. Resistance of extraocular motoneuron terminals to effects of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis sera. Neurology. 2000 Jan 11;54(1):252-5. PMID: 10636164 Narayanan R, Allen MR, Gaddy D, Bloomfield SA, Smith CL, Weigel NL. Differential skeletal responses of hindlimb unloaded rats on vitamin D-deficient diet to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its analog, seocalcitol (EB1089). Bone. 2004 Jul;35(1):134-43. PMID: 15207749 Narayanan R., Sepulveda VA, Falzon M, Weigel NL. The functional consequences of cross talk between the vitamin D receptor and ERK signaling pathways are cell specific. J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 5;279(45):47298-310. PMID: 15331595 Narayanan R., Smith CL, Weigel NL. Vector-averaged gravity-induced changes in cell signaling and vitamin D receptor activity in MG-63 cells are reversed by a 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) analog, EB1089. Bone. 2002 Sep;31(3):381-8. PMID: 12231410 Oden ZM, Selvitelli DM, Bouxsein ML. Effect of local density changes on the failure load of the proximal femur. J Orthop Res. 1999 Sep;17(5):661-7. PMID: 10569474 Olesen JL, Heinemeier KM, Haddad F, Langberg H, Flyvbjerg A, Kjaer M, Baldwin KM. Expression of insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, and collagen mRNA in mechanically loaded plantaris tendon. J Appl Physiol. 2006 Jul;101(1):183-8. PMID: 16782835 Olszak IT, Poznansky MC, Evans RH, Olson D, Kos C, Pollak MR, Brown EM, Scadden DT. Extracellular calcium elicits a chemokinetic response from monocytes in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Invest. 2000 May;105(9):1299-305. PMID: 10792005 Pelch KE, Carleton SM, Phillips CL, Nagel SC. Developmental exposure to low dose xenoestrogens alters femur length and tensile strength in adult mice. Biol Reprod. 2011 Nov 16. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22088916 Prisby RD, Swift JM, Bloomfield SA, Hogan HA, Delp MD. Altered bone mass, geometry and mechanical properties during the development and progression of type 2 diabetes in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat.. J Endocrinol. 2008 Dec;199(3):379-88. PMID: 18755885 Reid MB. Free radicals and muscle fatigue: Of ROS, canaries, and the IOC. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 Jan 15;44(2):169-79. PMID: 18191753 Reid MB. Response of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to changes in muscle activity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2005 Jun;288(6):R1423-31. PMID: 15886351 Roman BB, Meyer RA, Wiseman RW. Phosphocreatine kinetics at the onset of contractions in skeletal muscle of MM creatine kinase knockout mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2002 Dec;283(6):C1776-83. PMID: 12419710 Rubin C, Judex S, Qin YX. Low-level mechanical signals and their potential as a non-pharmacological intervention for osteoporosis. Age Ageing. 2006 Sep;35 Suppl 2:ii32-ii36. PMID: 16926201 Rubin, CT, Sommerfeldt DW, Judex S, Qin YX. Inhibition of osteopenia by low magnitude, high frequency mechanical stimuli. Drug Discov Today. 2001 Aug 15;6(16):848-858. PMID: 11495758 Rubin C, Xu G, Judex S. The anabolic activity of bone tissue, suppressed by disuse, is normalized by brief exposure to extremely low magnitude mechanical stimuli. FASEB J. 2001 Oct;15(12):2225-9. PMID: 11641249 Sacheck JM, Hyatt JP, Raffaello A, Jagoe RT, Roy RR, Edgerton VR, Lecker SH, Goldberg AL. Rapid disuse and denervation atrophy involve transcriptional changes similar to those of muscle wasting during systemic diseases. FASEB J. 2007 Jan;21(1):140-55. PMID: 17116744 Sacheck JM, Ohtsuka A, McLary SC, Goldberg AL. IGF-I stimulates muscle growth by suppressing protein breakdown and expression of atrophy-related ubiquitin ligases, atrogin-1 and MuRF1. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Oct;287(4):E591-601. PMID: 15100091 Sandri M, Lin J, Handschin C, Yang W, Arany ZP, Lecker SH, Goldberg AL, Spiegelman BM. PGC-1alpha protects skeletal muscle from atrophy by suppressing FoxO3 action and atrophy-specific gene transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2006 Oct 31;103(44):16260-5. PMID: 17053067 Sandri M, Sandri C, Gilbert A, Skurk C, Calabria E, Picard A, Walsh K, Schiaffino S, Lecker SH, Goldberg AL. Foxo transcription factors induce the atrophy-related ubiquitin ligase atrogin-1 and cause skeletal muscle atrophy. Cell. 2004 Apr 30;117(3):399-412. PMID: 15109499 Schoffstall B, Kataoka A, Clark A, Chase PB. Effects of rapamycin on cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction and crossbridge cycling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Jan;312(1):12-8. PMID: 15306636 Shackelford LC, LeBlanc AD, Driscoll TB, Evans HJ, Rianon NJ, Smith SM, Spector E, Feeback DL, Lai D. Resistance exercise as a countermeasure to disuse-induced bone loss. J Appl Physiol. 2004 Jul;97(1):119-29. PMID: 15220316 Shapiro JR. Microgravity and drug effects on bone. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2006 Oct-Dec;6(4):322-3. PMID: 17185807 Shapiro JR., Schneider V. Countermeasure development: future research targets. J Gravit Physiol. 2000 Jul;7(2):P1-4. PMID: 12697548 Shimizu M, Wang W, Walch ET, Dunne PW, Epstein HF. Rac-1 and Raf-1 kinases, components of distinct signaling pathways, activate myotonic dystrophy protein kinase. FEBS Lett. 2000 Jun 23;475(3):273-7. PMID: 10869570 Sibonga JD, Zhang M, Evans GL, Westerlind KC, Cavolina JM, Morey-Holton E, Turner RT. Effects of spaceflight and simulated weightlessness on longitudinal bone growth. Bone. 2000 Oct;27(4):535-40. PMID: 11033449 Sinha S, Hodgson JA, Finni T, Lai AM, Grinstead J, Edgerton VR. Muscle kinematics during isometric contraction: Development of phase contrast and spin tag techniques to study healthy and atrophied muscles. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2004 Dec;20(6):1008-19. PMID: 15558560 Smith MA, Reid MB. Redox modulation of contractile function in respiratory and limb skeletal muscle. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2006 Apr 28;151(2-3):229-41. PMID: 16481226 Solomon V, Lecker SH, Goldberg AL. The N-end rule pathway catalyzes a major fraction of the protein degradation in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem. 1998 Sep 25;273(39):25216-22. PMID: 9737984 Solomon V, Baracos V, Sarraf P, Goldberg AL. Rates of ubiquitin conjugation increase when muscles atrophy, largely through activation of the N-end rule pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1998 Oct 13;95(21):12602-7. PMID: 9770532 Squire M, Donahue LR, Rubin C, Judex S. Genetic variations that regulate bone morphology in the male mouse skeleton do not define its susceptibility to mechanical unloading. Bone. 2004 Dec;35(6):1353-60. PMID: 15589216 Stevenson EJ, Giresi PG, Koncarevic A, Kandarian SC. Global analysis of gene expression patterns during disuse atrophy in rat skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 2003 Aug 15;551(Pt 1):33-48. PMID: 12844509 Stevenson EJ, Koncarevic A, Giresi PG, Jackman RW, Kandarian SC. Transcriptional profile of a myotube starvation model of atrophy. J Appl Physiol. 2005 Apr;98(4):1396-406. PMID: 15608089 Streeper T, Cavanagh PR, Hanson AM, Carpenter D, Saeed I, Kornak J, Frassetto L, Grodsinsky C, Funk J, Lee SM, Spiering BA, Bloomberg J, Mulavara AP, Sibonga J, Lang T. Development of an integrated countermeasure device for use in long-duration space flight. Actra Astro.,10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.11.002. [Epub ahead of print] Swift JM, Nilsson MI, Hogan HA, Sumner LR, Bloomfield SA. Simulated resistance training during hindlimb unloading abolishes disuse bone loss and maintains muscle strength. J Bone Miner Res. 2010 Mar;25(3):564-74. PMID: 19653816 Takeda S, Elefteriou F, Levasseur R, Liu X, Zhao L, Parker KL, Armstrong D, Ducy P, Karsenty G. Leptin regulates bone formation via the sympathetic nervous system. Cell. 2002 Nov 1;111(3):305-17. PMID: 12419242 Turner RT. Mechanical signaling in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Lupus. 1999;8(5):388-92. PMID: 10455519 Turner RT. Invited review: what do we know about the effects of spaceflight on bone? J Appl. 2000 Aug;89(2):840-7. PMID: 10926671 Turner RT, Maran A, Lotinun S, Hefferan T, Evans GL, Zhang M, Sibonga JD. Animal models for osteoporosis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2001 Jan;2(1):117-27. PMID: 11704974 Wang L, Wang Y, Han Y, Henderson SC, Majeska RJ, Weinbaum S, Schaffler MB. In situ measurement of solute transport in the bone lacunar-canalicular system. Proc Natl Acad Sci. PMID: 16087872 Warren GL, Stallone JL, Allen MR, Bloomfield SA. Functional recovery of the plantarflexor muscle group after hindlimb unloading in the rat. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004 Oct;93(1-2):130-8. PMID: 15248071 Willey JS, Grilly LG, Howard SH, Pecaut MJ, Obenaus A, Gridley DS, Nelson GA, Bateman TA. Bone architectural and structural properties after (56)Fe(26+) radiation-induced changes in body mass. Radiat Res. 2008 Aug;170(2):201-7. PMID: 18666808 Willey JS, Livingston EW, Robbins ME, Bourland JD, Tirado-Lee L, Smith-Sielicki H, Bateman TA. Risedronate prevents early radiation-induced osteoporosis in mice at multiple skeletal locations. Bone. 2010 Jan;46(1):101-11. PMID: 19747571 Willey JA, Lloyd S, Nelson GA, Bateman TA. Ionizing Radiation and Bone Loss: Space Exploration and Clinical Therapy Applications. Clin Rev Bone Min Metab. 9:54Ð62, 2011. Xiang Y, Yingling VR, Malique R, Chao Yang Li, Schaffler MB, Raphan T. Comparative assessment of bone mass and structure using texture-based and histomorphometric analyses. Bone. 2007 Feb;40(2):544-52. PMID: 17049942 Yamaguchi T, Chattopadhyay N, Kifor O, Brown EM. Extracellular calcium (Ca2+(o))-sensing receptor in a murine bone marrow-derived stromal cell line (ST2): potential mediator of the actions of Ca2+(o) on the function of ST2 cells. Endocrinology. 1998 Aug;139(8):3561-8. PMID: 9681508 Yamaguchi T, Chattopadhyay N, Kifor O, Butters RR Jr, Sugimoto T, Brown EM. Mouse osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1) expresses extracellular calcium (Ca2+o)-sensing receptor and its agonists stimulate chemotaxis and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. J Bone Miner Res. 1998 Oct;13(10):1530-8. PMID: 9783541 Yamaguchi T, Chattopadhyay N, Kifor O, Ye C, Vassilev PM, Sanders JL, Brown EM. Expression of extracellular calcium (Ca2+)-sensing receptor (CaR) in human osteoblastic MG-63 cell line. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2001 Feb;280(2):C382-93. PMID: 11208534 Yamaguchi T, Kifor O, Chattopadhyay N, Bai M, Brown EM. Extracellular calcium (Ca2+)-sensing receptor in a mouse monocyte-macrophage cell line (J774): potential mediator of the actions of Ca2+o on the function of J774 cells. J Bone Miner Res. 1998 Sep;13(9):1390-7. PMID: 9738511 Yamaguchi T, Kifor O, Chattopadhyay N, Brown EM. Expression of extracellular calcium (Ca2+)-sensing receptor in the clonal osteoblast-like cell lines, UMR-106 and SAOS-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Feb 24;243(3):753-7. PMID: 9501005 Yamaguchi T, Olozak I, Chattopadhyay N, Butters RR, Kifor O, Scadden DT, Brown EM. Expression of extracellular calcium (Ca2+)-sensing receptor in human peripheral blood monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 May 19;246(2):501-6. PMID: 9610391 Yamaguchi T, Ye C, Chattopadhyay N, Sanders JL, Vassilev PM, Brown EM. Enhanced expression of extracellular calcium sensing receptor in monocyte-differentiated versus undiffentiated HL-60 cells: potential role in regulation of a nonselective cation channel. Calcif Tissue Int. 2000 May;66(5):375-82. PMID: 10773108 Yang Y, Baker MJ, Graf SC, Larson JK, Caiozzo VJ. Hypergravity resistance exercise: The use of artificial gravity as potential countermeasure to microgravity. J Appl Physiol. 2007 Nov;103(5):1879-87. PMID: 17872403 Yang Y, Kaplan A, Pierre M, Adams G, Cavanagh P, Takahashi C, Kreitenberg A, Hicks J, Keyak J, Caiozzo V. Space cycle: A human-powered centrifuge that can be used for hypergravity resistance training. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2007 Jan;78(1):2-9. PMID: 17225475 Ye CP, Yamaguchi T, Chattopadhyay N, Sanders JL, Vassilev PM, Brown EM. Extracellular calcium-sensing-receptor (CaR)-mediated opening of an outward K+ channel in murine MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells: evidence for expression of a functional CaR. Bone. 2000 Jul;27(1):21-7. PMID: 10865205 Yingling VR, Xiang Y, Raphan T, Schaffler MB, Koser K, Malique R. The effect of a short-term delay of puberty on trabecular bone mass and structure in female rats: A texture-based and histomorphometric analysis. Bone. 2007 Feb;40(2):544-52. PMID: 16979963 Yuan YY, Kostenuik PJ, Ominsky MS, Morony S, Adamu S, Simionescu DT, Basalyga DM, Asuncion FJ, Bateman TA. Skeletal deterioration induced by RANKL infusion: A model for high-turnover bone disease. Osteoporos Int. 2008 May;19(5):625-35. PMID: 18038244 Zderic TW, Hamilton MT. Physical inactivity amplifies the sensitivity of skeletal muscle to the lipid-induced downregulation of lipoprotein lipase activity. J Appl Physiol. 2006 Jan;100(1):249-57. PMID: 16195388 Zerwekh JE. Nutrition and renal stone disease in space. Nutrition. 2002 Oct;18(10):857-63. PMID: 12361779 Zhao J, Brault JJ, Schild A, Cao P, Sandri M, Schiaffino S, Lecker SH, Goldberg AL. FoxO3 coordinately activates protein degradation by the autophagic/lysosomal and proteasomal pathways in atrophying muscle cells. Cell Metab. 2007 Dec;6(6):472-83. PMID: 18054316 Zhao J, Brault JJ, Schild A, Goldberg AL. Coordinate activation of autophagy and the proteasome pathway by FoxO transcription factor. Autophagy. 2008 May-Jun;4(3):378-80. PMID: 18227643 Zhong N, Garman RA, Squire ME, Donahue LR, Rubin CT, Hadjiargyrou M, Judex S. Gene expression patterns in bone after 4 days of hind-limb unloading in two inbred strains of mice. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2005 Jun;76(6):530-5. PMID: 15945395 Zhong Q, Ding KH, Mulloy AL, Bollag RJ, Isales CM. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates proliferation and TGF-beta release from MG-63 cells. Peptides. 2003 Apr;24(4):611-6. PMID: 12860206 Zhong Q, Sridhar S, Ruan L, Ding KH, Xie D, Insogna K, Kang B, Xu J, Bollag RJ, Isales CM. Multiple melanocortin receptors are expressed in bone cells. Bone. 2005 May;36(5):820-31. PMID: 15804492 |
Print